基于模糊PID的直流异步电机转矩自适应调节方法

Torque adaptive regulation method of DC induction motor based on fuzzy PID

  • 摘要: 直流异步电机在运行时外部负载波动,导致转矩与实际值相差较大,因此提出基于模糊PID的直流异步电机转矩自适应调节方法。计算直流异步电机转矩占空比,占空比的大小直接决定了电机转矩的大小。基于模糊PID构建直流异步电机转矩调节模型,利用模糊逻辑优化PID控制参数,以最小化电机输出转矩与期望值的偏差。采用模糊PID控制器来实现转矩的自适应调节,依据对转矩误差及其变化率的持续监测,灵活调整PID控制器的比例增益、积分时间和微分时间常数,不断迭代和优化控制信号,直到电机的实际转矩与期望转矩达到一致。实验结果表明,当旋转速度达到1000r/min时,文献1和文献2所得转矩分别为10.4Nm和10.5Nm,而设计方法则达到了14.7Nm,明显更接近实际所需的转矩值。这一结果表明,设计方法能够更准确地满足实际应用中的需求。

     

    Abstract: The torque of DC asynchronous motor differs greatly from the actual value due to the fluctuation of external load during operation. Therefore, an adaptive adjustment method of DC asynchronous motor torque based on fuzzy PID is proposed. Calculate DC induction motor torque duty ratio, duty ratio directly determines the size of the motor torque. The torque regulation model of DC asynchronous motor is constructed based on fuzzy PID, and the PID control parameters are optimized by fuzzy logic to minimize the deviation between output torque and expected value. The fuzzy PID controller is used to realize the adaptive adjustment of the torque. According to the continuous monitoring of the torque error and its rate of change, the proportional gain, integral time and differential time constant of the PID controller are adjusted flexibly, and the control signal is iterated and optimized continuously until the actual torque of the motor is consistent with the expected torque. The experimental results show that when the rotation speed reaches 1000r/min, the torque obtained in literature 1 and 2 is 10.4Nm and 10.5Nm respectively, while the design formula rule reaches 14.7Nm, which is obviously closer to the actual required torque value. This result shows that the design method can more accurately meet the needs of practical applications.

     

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